Structural insights into nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) by electron microscopy

Structural insights into nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) by electron microscopy.

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a pathway that detects and degrades mRNAs containing premature translation termination codons (PTCs). In humans, recognition of these aberrant mRNAs requires an exon-junction-complex (EJC) placed downstream of a PTC and the dynamic interaction of several UPF/SMG proteins, the ribosome and the EJC. These interactions promote UPF1 phosphorylation by SMG1 kina...

CYP3A5 mRNA degradation by nonsense mediated mRNA decay (NMD)

The uORF-containing thrombopoietin mRNA escapes nonsense-mediated decay (NMD)

Platelet production is induced by the cytokine thrombopoietin (TPO). It is physiologically critical that TPO expression is tightly regulated, because lack of TPO causes life-threatening thrombocytopenia while an excess of TPO results in thrombocytosis. The plasma concentration of TPO is controlled by a negative feedback loop involving receptor-mediated uptake of TPO by platelets. Furthermore, T...

Killing the messenger: new insights into nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.

many quality control mechanisms developed by cells to maintain the metabolic status quo. The cell’s objective in this case is to destroy mRNA species that contain premature termination codons (PTCs) so that only full-length proteins are produced. Targeted destruction of proteins that misfold as a result of missense mutations (those that result in substitution for amino acids in the protein) and...

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay among coagulation factor genes

Objective(s): Haemostasis prevents blood loss following vascular injury. It depends on the unique concert of events involving platelets and specific blood proteins, known as coagulation factors. The clotting system requires precise regulation and coordinated reactions to maintain the integrity of the vasculature. Clotting insufficiency mostly occurs due to genetically inherited coagulation fact...